Do you want to learn PLC basics or want to know the advantages of PLC? so you are at the right place here you will learn about the basics of PLC introduction – advantages of PLC.
PLC Introduction
The Programmable logic controller is an electronic device that controls an automatic specific process or even an entire Process/Task. The PLC receives information from the connected input/output device and sensors process the data on pre-programmed parameters there are many advantages of PLC.
Types of PLC:-
Modular Type:-
- A modular PLC has a fixed I/O module. We cannot extend the I/O modules in the PLC.
Fixed Type:-
- In have not fixed I/O modules here we can Add/Remove the modules according to the requirement. it is a major advantage of PLC – you should know about it.
Type of PLC (Based on output):-
- Relay Type:- In this type of PLC output switching via electromagnet type relay and operating input power supply 24V/220volt and also low in cost.
- Transister/Traic Type:- By using the IGBT (Insulated gate bipolar junction transistor) switching on the output side of the PLC output modules. the main benefit of the transistor-type PLC over the relay type is possible very high-speed switching.
How does a PLC Work?
- The PLC CPU is always on the real-time scan.
- CPU starts reading the data from the input-output sensors, actuators, and signals.
- CPU process the signal execution according to the ladder-logic programming in the PLC via (Programming Software.)
- On the basis of the ladder – logic PLC gives a response from the output card in the form of a signal (Analog/Digital).
PLC BLOCK DIAGRAM
The list of Parts combines used in PLC.
- Rack/Base power plate.
- Power Supply Modules.
- CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- Input/Output card Modules.
Rack:- The use of a rack is to provide the control power supply to each module by the power supply modules only in modular type PLC. it provides a 5-volt power supply to each slot.
The rack fixed all the input, output, and communications cards.
RACK
Power Supply modules:- It is used the provide power supply to all the cards attached to the rack. it is converted 240VAC into 24VDC for each slot of the rack. it is the backbone of the system.
It converts AC to DC power supply.
Central processing unit:- The CPU process all the signal that comes from the input/output cards according to the ladder logic programming in which the CPU gives the output in the form of a signal and controls the overall task.
communication plays a main role between the CPU the I/O card, sensors and etc.
Input and Output Card modules:- The types of cards basically depend on the type of signal digital signal (Push button, limit switch, digital I/O) and analog signals like pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and flow sensors.
The signal sensed by sensors gives feedback to the CPU.
Types of I/O cards:-
- Digital I/O
- Analog I/O
- Analog to digital I/O
- Digital to analog I/O
PLC programming:-
The PLC program consists of a set of instructions in a graphical form. you set up the logic as you govern the controlling.
The PLC program is classified into the three types given below
Types of PLC programming:-
Ladder Diagram (Ladder logic)
Function Block Diagram. (FBD)
Sequential Function Chart. (SFC)
Advantages of PLC – You should know about it
- Very easy and convenient to find the problem.
- High-response real-time scan signal.
- Reduce the control logic complexity.
- Low maintenance is required.
- Help in the automation industry 4.0 for more information http://167.71.225.150/
Disadvantages of PLC
- High initial cost
- Technical Knowledge is required. Like a new piece of technology PLC control systems requires training to understand. How it uses and its effectiveness.
- Fixed operation cost.
Top PLC manufacturers:-
- Siemens
- Mitsubishi
- Delta
- Omron
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